What is the difference between evaporation and crystallization

It is bursting at the seams and removing anymore water will cause some solute to be crashed out as a crystal. Firstly, we have to cool the saturated solution that is hot due to all the heating. This is the magical part, whereby crystals appear as the temperature drops.

Since cooling decreases the solubility of most substances, even less solutes can remain dissolved in the already saturated solution. The seams burst and some solutes leave the water as crystals. Secondly, we need to filter off the crystals from the small bit of water that has remained.

We then dab dry the crystals with sheets of filter paper, which happens to be very absorbent. For some salts, crystallisation gives hydrated crystals. This means that some water molecules have sneaked into the giant ionic lattice structure, forming bonds with the ions at a fixed ratio. Since these water molecules are part of the crystal, we call them the water of crystallisation.

For example, blue crystals of hydrated copper II sulfate have 5 water of crystallisation for every pair of copper II and sulfate ions. We can write its chemical formula as CuSO 4. However, evaporation to dryness will drive off all water molecules, even the water of crystallisation. Consequently, it will always give the anhydrous salt that is powder-like.

Moreover, constant vapor pressure is established in this stage. If we increase the temperature of the liquid at this point, it leads to an increase in the rate of evaporation since the kinetic energy of the molecules increases.

Therefore, the amount of molecules occupying the space above the liquid increases. Crystallization is the physical process of forming crystals. In the solid phase of a substance, the molecules or atoms are highly organized into a crystalline structure. We call this a crystal structure. A crystal can form in different ways, such as precipitation from a solution, freezing, deposition directly from a gas rarely , etc. The heat of crystallization or enthalpy of crystallization is the energy that changes during the crystallization of a substance.

There are two major steps of crystallization: nucleation a crystalline phase appears either in a supercooled liquid or a supersaturated solvent and crystal growth or particle growth the increase in the size of particles and leads to a crystal state. Evaporation and crystallization are physical processes that are opposite to each other. Moreover, evaporation can remove a more volatile substance from a liquid mixture, whereas crystallization can remove a solid from a liquid.

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